prototype/src/lang/function.js

392 lines
14 KiB
JavaScript

/** section: Language
* class Function
*
* Extensions to the built-in `Function` object.
**/
Object.extend(Function.prototype, (function() {
var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
function update(array, args) {
var arrayLength = array.length, length = args.length;
while (length--) array[arrayLength + length] = args[length];
return array;
}
function merge(array, args) {
array = slice.call(array, 0);
return update(array, args);
}
/**
* Function#argumentNames() -> Array
*
* Reads the argument names as stated in the function definition and returns
* the values as an array of strings (or an empty array if the function is
* defined without parameters).
*
* ### Examples
*
* function fn(foo, bar) {
* return foo + bar;
* }
* fn.argumentNames();
* //-> ['foo', 'bar']
*
* Prototype.emptyFunction.argumentNames();
* //-> []
**/
function argumentNames() {
var names = this.toString().match(/^[\s\(]*function[^(]*\(([^)]*)\)/)[1]
.replace(/\/\/.*?[\r\n]|\/\*(?:.|[\r\n])*?\*\//g, '')
.replace(/\s+/g, '').split(',');
return names.length == 1 && !names[0] ? [] : names;
}
/** related to: Function#bindAsEventListener
* Function#bind(context[, args...]) -> Function
* - context (Object): The object to bind to.
* - args (?): Optional additional arguments to curry for the function.
*
* Binds this function to the given `context` by wrapping it in another
* function and returning the wrapper. Whenever the resulting "bound"
* function is called, it will call the original ensuring that `this` is set
* to `context`. Also optionally curries arguments for the function.
*
* ### Examples
*
* A typical use of `Function#bind` is to ensure that a callback (event
* handler, etc.) that is an object method gets called with the correct
* object as its context (`this` value):
*
* var AlertOnClick = Class.create({
* initialize: function(msg) {
* this.msg = msg;
* },
* handleClick: function(event) {
* event.stop();
* alert(this.msg);
* }
* });
* var myalert = new AlertOnClick("Clicked!");
* $('foo').observe('click', myalert.handleClick); // <= WRONG
* // -> If 'foo' is clicked, the alert will be blank; "this" is wrong
* $('bar').observe('click', myalert.handleClick.bind(myalert)); // <= RIGHT
* // -> If 'bar' is clicked, the alert will be "Clicked!"
*
* `bind` can also *curry* (burn in) arguments for the function if you
* provide them after the `context` argument:
*
* var Averager = Class.create({
* initialize: function() {
* this.count = 0;
* this.total = 0;
* },
* add: function(addend) {
* ++this.count;
* this.total += addend;
* },
* getAverage: function() {
* return this.count == 0 ? NaN : this.total / this.count;
* }
* });
* var a = new Averager();
* var b = new Averager();
* var aAdd5 = a.add.bind(a, 5); // Bind to a, curry 5
* var aAdd10 = a.add.bind(a, 10); // Bind to a, curry 10
* var bAdd20 = b.add.bind(b, 20); // Bind to b, curry 20
* aAdd5();
* aAdd10();
* bAdd20();
* bAdd20();
* alert(a.getAverage());
* // -> Alerts "7.5" (average of [5, 10])
* alert(b.getAverage());
* // -> Alerts "20" (average of [20, 20])
*
* (To curry without binding, see [[Function#curry]].)
**/
function bind(context) {
if (arguments.length < 2 && Object.isUndefined(arguments[0])) return this;
var __method = this, args = slice.call(arguments, 1);
return function() {
var a = merge(args, arguments);
return __method.apply(context, a);
}
}
/** related to: Function#bind
* Function#bindAsEventListener(context[, args...]) -> Function
* - context (Object): The object to bind to.
* - args (?): Optional arguments to curry after the event argument.
*
* An event-specific variant of [[Function#bind]] which ensures the function
* will recieve the current event object as the first argument when
* executing.
*
* It is not necessary to use `bindAsEventListener` for all bound event
* handlers; [[Function#bind]] works well for the vast majority of cases.
* `bindAsEventListener` is only needed when:
*
* - Using old-style DOM0 handlers rather than handlers hooked up via
* [[Event.observe]], because `bindAsEventListener` gets the event object
* from the right place (even on MSIE). (If you're using `Event.observe`,
* that's already handled.)
* - You want to bind an event handler and curry additional arguments but
* have those arguments appear after, rather than before, the event object.
* This mostly happens if the number of arguments will vary, and so you
* want to know the event object is the first argument.
*
* ### Example
*
* var ContentUpdater = Class.create({
* initialize: function(initialData) {
* this.data = Object.extend({}, initialData);
* },
* // On an event, update the content in the elements whose
* // IDs are passed as arguments from our data
* updateTheseHandler: function(event) {
* var argIndex, id, element;
* event.stop();
* for (argIndex = 1; argIndex < arguments.length; ++argIndex) {
* id = arguments[argIndex];
* element = $(id);
* if (element) {
* element.update(String(this.data[id]).escapeHTML());
* }
* }
* }
* });
* var cu = new ContentUpdater({
* dispName: 'Joe Bloggs',
* dispTitle: 'Manager <provisional>',
* dispAge: 47
* });
* // Using bindAsEventListener because of the variable arg lists:
* $('btnUpdateName').observe('click',
* cu.updateTheseHandler.bindAsEventListener(cu, 'dispName')
* );
* $('btnUpdateAll').observe('click',
* cu.updateTheseHandler.bindAsEventListener(cu, 'dispName', 'dispTitle', 'dispAge')
* );
**/
function bindAsEventListener(context) {
var __method = this, args = slice.call(arguments, 1);
return function(event) {
var a = update([event || window.event], args);
return __method.apply(context, a);
}
}
/**
* Function#curry(args...) -> Function
* - args (?): The arguments to curry.
*
* *Curries* (burns in) arguments to a function, returning a new function
* that when called with call the original passing in the curried arguments
* (along with any new ones):
*
* function showArguments() {
* alert($A(arguments).join(', '));
* }
* showArguments(1, 2,, 3);
* // -> alerts "1, 2, 3"
*
* var f = showArguments.curry(1, 2, 3);
* f('a', 'b');
* // -> alerts "1, 2, 3, a, b"
*
* `Function#curry` works just like [[Function#bind]] without the initial
* context argument. Use `bind` if you need to curry arguments _and_ set
* context at the same time.
*
* The name "curry" comes from [mathematics](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currying).
**/
function curry() {
if (!arguments.length) return this;
var __method = this, args = slice.call(arguments, 0);
return function() {
var a = merge(args, arguments);
return __method.apply(this, a);
}
}
/**
* Function#delay(timeout[, args...]) -> Number
* - timeout (Number): The time, in seconds, to wait before calling the
* function.
* - args (?): Optional arguments to pass to the function when calling it.
*
* Schedules the function to run after the specified amount of time, passing
* any arguments given.
*
* Behaves much like `window.setTimeout`, but the timeout is in seconds
* rather than milliseconds. Returns an integer ID that can be used to
* clear the timeout with `window.clearTimeout` before it runs.
*
* To schedule a function to run as soon as the interpreter is idle, use
* [[Function#defer]].
*
* ### Example
*
* function showMsg(msg) {
* alert(msg);
* }
* showMsg.delay(0.1, "Hi there!");
* // -> Waits a 10th of a second, then alerts "Hi there!"
**/
function delay(timeout) {
var __method = this, args = slice.call(arguments, 1);
timeout = timeout * 1000;
return window.setTimeout(function() {
return __method.apply(__method, args);
}, timeout);
}
/**
* Function#defer(args...) -> Number
* - args (?): Optional arguments to pass into the function.
*
* Schedules the function to run as soon as the interpreter is idle.
*
* A "deferred" function will not run immediately; rather, it will run as soon
* as the interpreter's call stack is empty.
*
* Behaves much like `window.setTimeout` with a delay set to `0`. Returns an
* ID that can be used to clear the timeout with `window.clearTimeout` before
* it runs.
*
* ### Example
*
* function showMsg(msg) {
* alert(msg);
* }
*
* showMsg("One");
* showMsg.defer("Two");
* showMsg("Three");
* // Alerts "One", then "Three", then (after a brief pause) "Two"
* // Note that "Three" happens before "Two"
**/
function defer() {
var args = update([0.01], arguments);
return this.delay.apply(this, args);
}
/**
* Function#wrap(wrapper) -> Function
* - wrapper (Function): The function to use as a wrapper.
*
* Returns a function "wrapped" around the original function.
*
* `Function#wrap` distills the essence of aspect-oriented programming into
* a single method, letting you easily build on existing functions by
* specifying before and after behavior, transforming the return value, or
* even preventing the original function from being called.
*
* The wraper function is called with this signature:
*
* function wrapper(callOriginal[, args...])
*
* ...where `callOriginal` is a function that can be used to call the
* original (wrapped) function (or not, as appropriate). (`callOriginal` is
* not a direct reference to the original function, there's a layer of
* indirection in-between that sets up the proper context \[`this` value\] for
* it.)
*
* ### Example
*
* // Wrap String#capitalize so it accepts an additional argument
* String.prototype.capitalize = String.prototype.capitalize.wrap(
* function(callOriginal, eachWord) {
* if (eachWord && this.include(" ")) {
* // capitalize each word in the string
* return this.split(" ").invoke("capitalize").join(" ");
* } else {
* // proceed using the original function
* return callOriginal();
* }
* });
*
* "hello world".capitalize();
* // -> "Hello world" (only the 'H' is capitalized)
* "hello world".capitalize(true);
* // -> "Hello World" (both 'H' and 'W' are capitalized)
**/
function wrap(wrapper) {
var __method = this;
return function() {
var a = update([__method.bind(this)], arguments);
return wrapper.apply(this, a);
}
}
/**
* Function#methodize() -> Function
*
* Wraps the function inside another function that, when called, pushes
* `this` to the original function as the first argument (with any further
* arguments following it).
*
* The `methodize` method transforms the original function that has an
* explicit first argument to a function that passes `this` (the current
* context) as an implicit first argument at call time. It is useful when we
* want to transform a function that takes an object to a method of that
* object or its prototype, shortening its signature by one argument.
*
* ### Example
*
* // A function that sets a name on a target object
* function setName(target, name) {
* target.name = name;
* }
*
* // Use it
* obj = {};
* setName(obj, 'Fred');
* obj.name;
* // -> "Fred"
*
* // Make it a method of the object
* obj.setName = setName.methodize();
*
* // Use the method instead
* obj.setName('Barney');
* obj.name;
* // -> "Barney"
*
* The example above is quite simplistic. It's more useful to copy methodized
* functions to object prototypes so that new methods are immediately shared
* among instances. In the Prototype library, `methodize` is used in various
* places such as the DOM module, so that (for instance) you can hide an
* element either by calling the static version of `Element.hide` and passing in
* an element reference or ID, like so:
*
* Element.hide('myElement');
*
* ...or if you already have an element reference, just calling the
* methodized form instead:
*
* myElement.hide();
**/
function methodize() {
if (this._methodized) return this._methodized;
var __method = this;
return this._methodized = function() {
var a = update([this], arguments);
return __method.apply(null, a);
};
}
return {
argumentNames: argumentNames,
bind: bind,
bindAsEventListener: bindAsEventListener,
curry: curry,
delay: delay,
defer: defer,
wrap: wrap,
methodize: methodize
}
})());