616 lines
23 KiB
Ruby
616 lines
23 KiB
Ruby
# --
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# Copyright (C) 2008-2009 10gen Inc.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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# ++
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module Mongo
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# A named collection of documents in a database.
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class Collection
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attr_reader :db, :name, :pk_factory, :hint
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# Initialize a collection object.
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#
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# @param [DB] db a MongoDB database instance.
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# @param [String, Symbol] name the name of the collection.
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#
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# @raise [InvalidName]
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# if collection name is empty, contains '$', or starts or ends with '.'
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#
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# @raise [TypeError]
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# if collection name is not a string or symbol
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#
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# @return [Collection]
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def initialize(db, name, pk_factory=nil)
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case name
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when Symbol, String
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else
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raise TypeError, "new_name must be a string or symbol"
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end
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name = name.to_s
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if name.empty? or name.include? ".."
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raise InvalidName, "collection names cannot be empty"
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end
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if name.include? "$"
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raise InvalidName, "collection names must not contain '$'" unless name =~ /((^\$cmd)|(oplog\.\$main))/
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end
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if name.match(/^\./) or name.match(/\.$/)
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raise InvalidName, "collection names must not start or end with '.'"
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end
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@db, @name = db, name
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@connection = @db.connection
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@pk_factory = pk_factory || ObjectID
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@hint = nil
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end
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# Return a sub-collection of this collection by name. If 'users' is a collection, then
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# 'users.comments' is a sub-collection of users.
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#
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# @param [String] name
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# the collection to return
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#
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# @raise [InvalidName]
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# if passed an invalid collection name
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#
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# @return [Collection]
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# the specified sub-collection
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def [](name)
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name = "#{self.name}.#{name}"
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return Collection.new(db, name) if !db.strict? || db.collection_names.include?(name)
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raise "Collection #{name} doesn't exist. Currently in strict mode."
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end
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# Set a hint field for query optimizer. Hint may be a single field
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# name, array of field names, or a hash (preferably an [OrderedHash]).
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# If using MongoDB > 1.1, you probably don't ever need to set a hint.
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#
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# @param [String, Array, OrderedHash] hint a single field, an array of
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# fields, or a hash specifying fields
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def hint=(hint=nil)
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@hint = normalize_hint_fields(hint)
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self
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end
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# Query the database.
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#
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# The +selector+ argument is a prototype document that all results must
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# match. For example:
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#
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# collection.find({"hello" => "world"})
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#
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# only matches documents that have a key "hello" with value "world".
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# Matches can have other keys *in addition* to "hello".
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#
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# If given an optional block +find+ will yield a Cursor to that block,
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# close the cursor, and then return nil. This guarantees that partially
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# evaluated cursors will be closed. If given no block +find+ returns a
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# cursor.
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#
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# @param [Hash] selector
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# a document specifying elements which must be present for a
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# document to be included in the result set.
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#
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# @option opts [Array] :fields field names that should be returned in the result
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# set ("_id" will always be included). By limiting results to a certain subset of fields,
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# you can cut down on network traffic and decoding time.
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# @option opts [Integer] :skip number of documents to skip from the beginning of the result set
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# @option opts [Integer] :limit maximum number of documents to return
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# @option opts [Array] :sort an array of [key, direction] pairs to sort by. Direction should
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# be specified as Mongo::ASCENDING (or :ascending / :asc) or Mongo::DESCENDING (or :descending / :desc)
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# @option opts [String, Array, OrderedHash] :hint hint for query optimizer, usually not necessary if using MongoDB > 1.1
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# @option opts [Boolean] :snapshot ('false') if true, snapshot mode will be used for this query.
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# Snapshot mode assures no duplicates are returned, or objects missed, which were preset at both the start and
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# end of the query's execution. For details see http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/How+to+do+Snapshotting+in+the+Mongo+Database
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# @option opts [Boolean] :timeout ('true') when +true+, the returned cursor will be subject to
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# the normal cursor timeout behavior of the mongod process. When +false+, the returned cursor will never timeout. Note
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# that disabling timeout will only work when #find is invoked with a block. This is to prevent any inadvertant failure to
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# close the cursor, as the cursor is explicitly closed when block code finishes.
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#
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# @raise [ArgumentError]
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# if timeout is set to false and find is not invoked in a block
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#
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# @raise [RuntimeError]
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# if given unknown options
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def find(selector={}, opts={})
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fields = opts.delete(:fields)
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fields = ["_id"] if fields && fields.empty?
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skip = opts.delete(:skip) || skip || 0
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limit = opts.delete(:limit) || 0
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sort = opts.delete(:sort)
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hint = opts.delete(:hint)
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snapshot = opts.delete(:snapshot)
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if opts[:timeout] == false && !block_given?
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raise ArgumentError, "Timeout can be set to false only when #find is invoked with a block."
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end
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timeout = block_given? ? (opts.delete(:timeout) || true) : true
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if hint
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hint = normalize_hint_fields(hint)
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else
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hint = @hint # assumed to be normalized already
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end
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raise RuntimeError, "Unknown options [#{opts.inspect}]" unless opts.empty?
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cursor = Cursor.new(self, :selector => selector, :fields => fields, :skip => skip, :limit => limit,
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:order => sort, :hint => hint, :snapshot => snapshot, :timeout => timeout)
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if block_given?
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yield cursor
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cursor.close()
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nil
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else
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cursor
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end
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end
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# Return a single object from the database.
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#
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# @return [OrderedHash, Nil]
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# a single document or nil if no result is found.
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#
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# @param [Hash, ObjectID, Nil] spec_or_object_id a hash specifying elements
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# which must be present for a document to be included in the result set or an
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# instance of ObjectID to be used as the value for an _id query.
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# If nil, an empty selector, {}, will be used.
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#
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# @option opts [Hash]
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# any valid options that can be send to Collection#find
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#
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# @raise [TypeError]
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# if the argument is of an improper type.
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def find_one(spec_or_object_id=nil, opts={})
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spec = case spec_or_object_id
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when nil
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{}
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when ObjectID
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{:_id => spec_or_object_id}
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when Hash
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spec_or_object_id
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else
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raise TypeError, "spec_or_object_id must be an instance of ObjectID or Hash, or nil"
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end
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find(spec, opts.merge(:limit => -1)).next_document
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end
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# Save a document to this collection.
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#
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# @param [Hash] doc
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# the document to be saved. If the document already has an '_id' key,
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# then an update (upsert) operation will be performed, and any existing
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# document with that _id is overwritten. Otherwise an insert operation is performed.
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#
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# @return [ObjectID] the _id of the saved document.
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#
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# @option opts [Boolean] :safe (+false+)
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# If true, check that the save succeeded. OperationFailure
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# will be raised on an error. Note that a safe check requires an extra
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# round-trip to the database.
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def save(doc, options={})
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if doc.has_key?(:_id) || doc.has_key?('_id')
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id = doc[:_id] || doc['_id']
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update({:_id => id}, doc, :upsert => true, :safe => options.delete(:safe))
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id
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else
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insert(doc, :safe => options.delete(:safe))
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end
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end
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# Insert one or more documents into the collection.
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#
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# @param [Hash, Array] doc_or_docs
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# a document (as a hash) or array of documents to be inserted.
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#
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# @return [ObjectID, Array]
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# the _id of the inserted document or a list of _ids of all inserted documents.
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# Note: the object may have been modified by the database's PK factory, if it has one.
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#
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# @option opts [Boolean] :safe (+false+)
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# If true, check that the save succeeded. OperationFailure
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# will be raised on an error. Note that a safe check requires an extra
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# round-trip to the database.
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def insert(doc_or_docs, options={})
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doc_or_docs = [doc_or_docs] unless doc_or_docs.is_a?(Array)
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doc_or_docs.collect! { |doc| @pk_factory.create_pk(doc) }
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result = insert_documents(doc_or_docs, @name, true, options[:safe])
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result.size > 1 ? result : result.first
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end
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alias_method :<<, :insert
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# Remove all documents from this collection.
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#
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# @param [Hash] selector
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# If specified, only matching documents will be removed.
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#
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# @example remove all documents from the 'users' collection:
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# users.remove
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# users.remove({})
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#
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# @example remove only documents that have expired:
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# users.remove({:expire => {"$lte" => Time.now}})
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def remove(selector={})
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message = ByteBuffer.new
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message.put_int(0)
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BSON_RUBY.serialize_cstr(message, "#{@db.name}.#{@name}")
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message.put_int(0)
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message.put_array(BSON.serialize(selector, false).unpack("C*"))
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@connection.send_message(Mongo::Constants::OP_DELETE, message,
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"db.#{@db.name}.remove(#{selector.inspect})")
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end
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# Update a single document in this collection.
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#
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# @param [Hash] selector
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# a hash specifying elements which must be present for a document to be updated. Note:
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# the update command currently updates only the first document matching the
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# given selector. If you want all matching documents to be updated, be sure
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# to specify :multi => true.
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# @param [Hash] document
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# a hash specifying the fields to be changed in the selected document,
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# or (in the case of an upsert) the document to be inserted
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#
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# @option [Boolean] :upsert (+false+) if true, performs an upsert (update or insert)
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# @option [Boolean] :multi (+false+) update all documents matching the selector, as opposed to
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# just the first matching document. Note: only works in MongoDB 1.1.3 or later.
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# @option opts [Boolean] :safe (+false+)
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# If true, check that the save succeeded. OperationFailure
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# will be raised on an error. Note that a safe check requires an extra
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# round-trip to the database.
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def update(selector, document, options={})
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message = ByteBuffer.new
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message.put_int(0)
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BSON_RUBY.serialize_cstr(message, "#{@db.name}.#{@name}")
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update_options = 0
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update_options += 1 if options[:upsert]
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update_options += 2 if options[:multi]
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message.put_int(update_options)
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message.put_array(BSON.serialize(selector, false).unpack("C*"))
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message.put_array(BSON.serialize(document, false).unpack("C*"))
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if options[:safe]
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@connection.send_message_with_safe_check(Mongo::Constants::OP_UPDATE, message, @db.name,
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"db.#{@name}.update(#{selector.inspect}, #{document.inspect})")
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else
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@connection.send_message(Mongo::Constants::OP_UPDATE, message,
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"db.#{@name}.update(#{selector.inspect}, #{document.inspect})")
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end
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end
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# Create a new index.
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#
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# @param [String, Array] field_or_spec
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# should be either a single field name or an array of
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# [field name, direction] pairs. Directions should be specified as Mongo::ASCENDING or Mongo::DESCENDING.
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#
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# @param [Boolean] unique if true, this index will enforce a uniqueness constraint.
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#
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# @return [String] the name of the index created.
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def create_index(field_or_spec, unique=false)
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field_h = OrderedHash.new
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if field_or_spec.is_a?(String) || field_or_spec.is_a?(Symbol)
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field_h[field_or_spec.to_s] = 1
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else
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field_or_spec.each { |f| field_h[f[0].to_s] = f[1] }
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end
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name = generate_index_names(field_h)
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sel = {
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:name => name,
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:ns => "#{@db.name}.#{@name}",
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:key => field_h,
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:unique => unique }
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insert_documents([sel], Mongo::DB::SYSTEM_INDEX_COLLECTION, false)
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name
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end
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# Drop a specified index.
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#
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# @param [String] name
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def drop_index(name)
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@db.drop_index(@name, name)
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end
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# Drop all indexes.
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def drop_indexes
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# Note: calling drop_indexes with no args will drop them all.
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@db.drop_index(@name, '*')
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end
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# Drop the entire collection. USE WITH CAUTION.
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def drop
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@db.drop_collection(@name)
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end
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# Perform a map/reduce operation on the current collection.
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#
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# @param [String, Code] map a map function, written in JavaScript.
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# @param [String, Code] reduce a reduce function, written in JavaScript.
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#
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# @option opts [Hash] :query ({}) a query selector document, like what's passed to #find, to limit
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# the operation to a subset of the collection.
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# @option opts [Array] :sort ([]) an array of [key, direction] pairs to sort by. Direction should
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# be specified as Mongo::ASCENDING (or :ascending / :asc) or Mongo::DESCENDING (or :descending / :desc)
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# @option opts [Integer] :limit (nil) if passing a query, number of objects to return from the collection.
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# @option opts [String, Code] :finalize (nil) a javascript function to apply to the result set after the
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# map/reduce operation has finished.
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# @option opts [String] :out (nil) the name of the output collection. If specified, the collection will not be treated as temporary.
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# @option opts [Boolean] :keeptemp (false) if true, the generated collection will be persisted. default is false.
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# @option opts [Boolean ] :verbose (false) if true, provides statistics on job execution time.
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#
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# @return [Collection] a collection containing the results of the operation.
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#
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# @see http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/MapReduce Offical MongoDB map/reduce documentation.
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def map_reduce(map, reduce, opts={})
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map = Code.new(map) unless map.is_a?(Code)
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reduce = Code.new(reduce) unless reduce.is_a?(Code)
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hash = OrderedHash.new
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hash['mapreduce'] = self.name
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hash['map'] = map
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hash['reduce'] = reduce
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hash.merge! opts
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result = @db.command(hash)
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unless result["ok"] == 1
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raise Mongo::OperationFailure, "map-reduce failed: #{result['errmsg']}"
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end
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@db[result["result"]]
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end
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alias :mapreduce :map_reduce
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# Perform a group aggregation.
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#
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# @param [Array, String, Code, Nil] :key either 1) an array of fields to group by,
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# 2) a javascript function to generate the key object, or 3) nil.
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# @param [Hash] condition an optional document specifying a query to limit the documents over which group is run.
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# @param [Hash] initial initial value of the aggregation counter object
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# @param [String, Code] reduce aggregation function, in JavaScript
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# @param [String, Code] finalize :: optional. a JavaScript function that receives and modifies
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# each of the resultant grouped objects. Available only when group is run
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# with command set to true.
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# @param [Boolean] command if true, run the group as a command instead of in an
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# eval. Note: Running group as eval has been DEPRECATED.
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#
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# @return [Array] the grouped items.
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def group(key, condition, initial, reduce, command=false, finalize=nil)
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if command
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reduce = Code.new(reduce) unless reduce.is_a?(Code)
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group_command = {
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"group" => {
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"ns" => @name,
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"$reduce" => reduce,
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"cond" => condition,
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"initial" => initial
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}
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}
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unless key.nil?
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if key.is_a? Array
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key_type = "key"
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key_value = {}
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key.each { |k| key_value[k] = 1 }
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else
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key_type = "$keyf"
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key_value = key.is_a?(Code) ? key : Code.new(key)
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end
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group_command["group"][key_type] = key_value
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end
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# only add finalize if specified
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if finalize
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finalize = Code.new(finalize) unless finalize.is_a?(Code)
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group_command['group']['finalize'] = finalize
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end
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result = @db.command group_command
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if result["ok"] == 1
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return result["retval"]
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else
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raise OperationFailure, "group command failed: #{result['errmsg']}"
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end
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else
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warn "Collection#group must now be run as a command; you can do this by passing 'true' as the command argument."
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raise OperationFailure, ":finalize can be specified only when " +
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"group is run as a command (set command param to true)" if finalize
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raise OperationFailure, "key must be an array of fields to group by. If you want to pass a key function,
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run group as a command by passing 'true' as the command argument." unless key.is_a? Array || key.nil?
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case reduce
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when Code
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scope = reduce.scope
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else
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scope = {}
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end
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scope.merge!({
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"ns" => @name,
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"keys" => key,
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"condition" => condition,
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"initial" => initial })
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group_function = <<EOS
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function () {
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var c = db[ns].find(condition);
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var map = new Map();
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var reduce_function = #{reduce};
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while (c.hasNext()) {
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var obj = c.next();
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var key = {};
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for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
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var k = keys[i];
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key[k] = obj[k];
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}
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var aggObj = map.get(key);
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if (aggObj == null) {
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var newObj = Object.extend({}, key);
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aggObj = Object.extend(newObj, initial);
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map.put(key, aggObj);
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}
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reduce_function(obj, aggObj);
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}
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return {"result": map.values()};
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}
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EOS
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@db.eval(Code.new(group_function, scope))["result"]
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end
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end
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# Return a list of distinct values for +key+ across all
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# documents in the collection. The key may use dot notation
|
|
# to reach into an embedded object.
|
|
#
|
|
# @param [String, Symbol, OrderedHash] key or hash to group by.
|
|
# @param [Hash] query a selector for limiting the result set over which to group.
|
|
#
|
|
# @example Saving zip codes and ages and returning distinct results.
|
|
# @collection.save({:zip => 10010, :name => {:age => 27}})
|
|
# @collection.save({:zip => 94108, :name => {:age => 24}})
|
|
# @collection.save({:zip => 10010, :name => {:age => 27}})
|
|
# @collection.save({:zip => 99701, :name => {:age => 24}})
|
|
# @collection.save({:zip => 94108, :name => {:age => 27}})
|
|
#
|
|
# @collection.distinct(:zip)
|
|
# [10010, 94108, 99701]
|
|
# @collection.distinct("name.age")
|
|
# [27, 24]
|
|
#
|
|
# # You may also pass a document selector as the second parameter
|
|
# # to limit the documents over which distinct is run:
|
|
# @collection.distinct("name.age", {"name.age" => {"$gt" => 24}})
|
|
# [27]
|
|
#
|
|
# @return [Array] an array of distinct values.
|
|
def distinct(key, query=nil)
|
|
raise MongoArgumentError unless [String, Symbol].include?(key.class)
|
|
command = OrderedHash.new
|
|
command[:distinct] = @name
|
|
command[:key] = key.to_s
|
|
command[:query] = query
|
|
|
|
@db.command(command)["values"]
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Rename this collection.
|
|
#
|
|
# Note: If operating in auth mode, the client must be authorized as an admin to
|
|
# perform this operation.
|
|
#
|
|
# @param [String ] new_name the new name for this collection
|
|
#
|
|
# @raise [InvalidName] if +new_name+ is an invalid collection name.
|
|
def rename(new_name)
|
|
case new_name
|
|
when Symbol, String
|
|
else
|
|
raise TypeError, "new_name must be a string or symbol"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
new_name = new_name.to_s
|
|
|
|
if new_name.empty? or new_name.include? ".."
|
|
raise InvalidName, "collection names cannot be empty"
|
|
end
|
|
if new_name.include? "$"
|
|
raise InvalidName, "collection names must not contain '$'"
|
|
end
|
|
if new_name.match(/^\./) or new_name.match(/\.$/)
|
|
raise InvalidName, "collection names must not start or end with '.'"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
@db.rename_collection(@name, new_name)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Get information on the indexes for this collection.
|
|
#
|
|
# @return [Hash] a hash where the keys are index names.
|
|
def index_information
|
|
@db.index_information(@name)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Return a hash containing options that apply to this collection.
|
|
# For all possible keys and values, see DB#create_collection.
|
|
#
|
|
# @return [Hash] options that apply to this collection.
|
|
def options
|
|
@db.collections_info(@name).next_document['options']
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Get the number of documents in this collection.
|
|
#
|
|
# @return [Integer]
|
|
def count
|
|
find().count()
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
alias :size :count
|
|
|
|
protected
|
|
|
|
def normalize_hint_fields(hint)
|
|
case hint
|
|
when String
|
|
{hint => 1}
|
|
when Hash
|
|
hint
|
|
when nil
|
|
nil
|
|
else
|
|
h = OrderedHash.new
|
|
hint.to_a.each { |k| h[k] = 1 }
|
|
h
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
private
|
|
|
|
# Sends a Mongo::Constants::OP_INSERT message to the database.
|
|
# Takes an array of +documents+, an optional +collection_name+, and a
|
|
# +check_keys+ setting.
|
|
def insert_documents(documents, collection_name=@name, check_keys=true, safe=false)
|
|
message = ByteBuffer.new
|
|
message.put_int(0)
|
|
BSON_RUBY.serialize_cstr(message, "#{@db.name}.#{collection_name}")
|
|
documents.each { |doc| message.put_array(BSON.serialize(doc, check_keys).unpack("C*")) }
|
|
if safe
|
|
@connection.send_message_with_safe_check(Mongo::Constants::OP_INSERT, message, @db.name,
|
|
"db.#{collection_name}.insert(#{documents.inspect})")
|
|
else
|
|
@connection.send_message(Mongo::Constants::OP_INSERT, message,
|
|
"db.#{collection_name}.insert(#{documents.inspect})")
|
|
end
|
|
documents.collect { |o| o[:_id] || o['_id'] }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def generate_index_names(spec)
|
|
indexes = []
|
|
spec.each_pair do |field, direction|
|
|
indexes.push("#{field}_#{direction}")
|
|
end
|
|
indexes.join("_")
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
end
|